扯皮时间

没有便宜只有更便宜

买了900多的zynq板子，亏得月底吃土，其实实验用FPGA有的时候用不到这么多功能。这个时候怎么办？在淘宝和钟sir的蛊惑下选择了高云的片子，一片20，不比自行车香，这个时候正好看到之前我们实验室上古遗老画的小板子，于是拿来把玩一番。

通病

国产片子的通病自然是资料少品控差，网上高云片子的教程基本上是很难找到，还有就是板子的开发环境比较简陋，不过凑合着也够用，而且操作简单报错清晰，勉强算是及格线以上

入门

本人作为一个FPGA萌新，基本上只用过赛灵思的片子，主要还是zynq，高云片子的逻辑单元之类的和那些高性能的FPGA肯定比不起来，但是它的基本操作倒是和赛灵思的片子基本一样，而且麻雀虽小，五脏俱全，算是FPGA入门的不二之选（指不愿意花钱）

第一节：IDE安装与verilog小实验

这里给出的是商业版的链接，因为教育版的库特别少，基本上算是没有，商业版烦就烦在需要去申请license，不过高云的客服非常友好，基本上申请就有，是在没有就要把自己的mac地址发给高云，ipconfig/all命令跑一下就行了。

  • 安装后打开gowin，就是对标赛灵思的vivado，新建工程

  • 选择芯片，Device Version非常重要，影响最后烧录

  • 建立工程文档，一个.v和一个.cst（一个verilog HDL文件和约束文件）

  • 写一个简单的点灯的程序，注意调用系统内部时钟程序
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module Gowin_OSC (oscout);
output oscout;
OSC osc_inst (
    .OSCOUT(oscout)
);
defparam osc_inst.FREQ_DIV = 42; //5M,0.2us;GW1N-4:50,GW1N-4B:42
//defparam osc_inst.DEVICE = "GW1N-4B";
endmodule //Gowin_OSC

module top_hdl(
    //Outputs
    output reg led
);
//wire 
wire gclk;
Gowin_OSC uut(
        .oscout(gclk)
    );
//reg
reg [21:0]clk_cnt = 0;
//初始化
initial begin
    led = 0;
end

always @(posedge gclk)
begin
    clk_cnt <= clk_cnt + 22'b1;
    if(clk_cnt%5000000 == 0) 
    begin
        led <= ~led;
    end
end
endmodule
  • 添加约束文件
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IO_LOC "led" 21;
IO_PORT "led" PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
  • 直接跑一下，生成比特流文件.fs后缀
  • 下载到SRAM
  • 可以看到小灯闪烁
  • 来玩一下数码管，修改一下verilog
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module Gowin_OSC (oscout);

output oscout;

OSC osc_inst (
    .OSCOUT(oscout)
);

defparam osc_inst.FREQ_DIV = 42; //5M,0.2us;GW1N-4:50,GW1N-4B:42
//defparam osc_inst.DEVICE = "GW1N-4B";

endmodule //Gowin_OSC

//数码管扫描周期为2ms,计数10000次
//数码管走马灯周期为0.5s,计数2.5*10^6次
//外部Led闪烁周期为1s,计数5*10^6次
module SegmentDisplay(
seg,sel,switch,button,led_inside,led_outside
    );
wire clk;
Gowin_OSC uut(
        .oscout(clk)
    );
output reg [7:0]seg;//segment select
output reg [3:0]sel;//sel select
output reg [3:0]led_inside;
output reg [8:0]led_outside = 9'b10000_0000;
input [3:0]switch;
input [3:0]button;
reg [21:0]clk_cnt = 0;
reg[1:0] segment_cnt = 2'b00;
//定义数码管缓存区及初始化
reg[7:0] segment_buff[15:0]; //段选缓存
reg[3:0] sel_buff[4:0]; //位选缓存
reg[3:0] segment_var[3:0]; //数码管变量
reg clk_segment = 1'b0;
reg[8:0] sequence_buff = 9'b100100110;

parameter Num0 = 8'b1011_1111,
        Num1 = 8'b1000_0110,
        Num2 = 8'b1101_1011,
        Num3 = 8'b1100_1111,
        Num4 = 8'b1110_0110,
        Num5 = 8'b1110_1101, 
        Num6 = 8'b1111_1101,
        Num7 = 8'b1000_0111,
        Num8 = 8'b1111_1111,
        Num9 = 8'b1110_1111,
        NumA = 8'b1111_0111,
        Numb = 8'b1111_1100,
        NumC = 8'b1011_1001,
        Numd = 8'b1101_1110,
        NumE = 8'b1111_1001,
        NumF = 8'b1111_0001;
parameter NUM = 500_0000;

//初始化
initial begin
    segment_var[0] = 4'd0;
    segment_var[1] = 4'd1;
    segment_var[2] = 4'd2;
    segment_var[3] = 4'd3;
end

//switch/button有一个按下,led熄灭,否则,led点亮
always @ (posedge clk)
begin
    if((switch[0]==1)&&(button[0]==1)) led_inside[0]<=1;
    else led_inside[0]<=0;
    if((switch[1]==1)&&(button[1]==1)) led_inside[1]<=1;
    else led_inside[1]<=0;
    if((switch[2]==1)&&(button[2]==1)) led_inside[2]<=1;
    else led_inside[2]<=0;
    if((switch[3]==1)&&(button[3]==1)) led_inside[3]<=1;
    else led_inside[3]<=0;
end

//clk change, led toggle
always@(posedge clk)
begin
    clk_cnt <= clk_cnt + 22'b1;
    if(clk_cnt%5000 == 0) begin
        clk_segment <= ~clk_segment;
    end
    if(clk_cnt == (NUM/2)) begin 
        led_outside <= {led_outside[0],led_outside[8:1]};
        clk_cnt <= 0;
        if(segment_var[0] == 9) segment_var[0]<=4'b0;
        else segment_var[0] <= segment_var[0]+4'b1;
        if(segment_var[1] == 9) segment_var[1]<=4'b0;
        else segment_var[1] <= segment_var[1]+4'b1;
        if(segment_var[2] == 9) segment_var[2]<=4'b0;
        else segment_var[2] <= segment_var[2]+4'b1;
        if(segment_var[3] == 9) segment_var[3]<=4'b0;
        else segment_var[3] <= segment_var[3]+4'b1;
    end
end

//数码管更新
always@(posedge clk_segment)
begin
    seg <= segment_buff[segment_var[segment_cnt]];
    sel <= sel_buff[segment_cnt];
end

//数码管计数变量更新
always@(posedge clk_segment)
begin
    if(segment_cnt <3) segment_cnt <= segment_cnt + 2'b1;
    else segment_cnt <= 2'b0;
end

//写缓存区
always@(posedge clk)
begin
    sel_buff[0] <= 4'b1110;
    sel_buff[1] <= 4'b1101;
    sel_buff[2] <= 4'b1011;
    sel_buff[3] <= 4'b0111;
    segment_buff[0] <= Num0;
    segment_buff[1] <= Num1;
    segment_buff[2] <= Num2;
    segment_buff[3] <= Num3;
    segment_buff[4] <= Num4;
    segment_buff[5] <= Num5;
    segment_buff[6] <= Num6;
    segment_buff[7] <= Num7;
    segment_buff[8] <= Num8;
    segment_buff[9] <= Num9;
    segment_buff[10] <= NumA; 
    segment_buff[11] <= Numb;
    segment_buff[12] <= NumC;
    segment_buff[13] <= Numd;
    segment_buff[14] <= NumE;
    segment_buff[15] <= NumF;
end

endmodule

  • 修改约束文件
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//Copyright (C)2014-2020 Gowin Semiconductor Corporation.
//All rights reserved. 
//File Title: Physical Constraints file
//GOWIN Version: 1.9.7 Beta
//Part Number: GW1N-LV9QN48C6/I5
//Device: GW1N-9
//Created Time: Mon 11 09 15:22:42 2020

IO_LOC "led_inside[3]" 21;
IO_PORT "led_inside[3]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_inside[2]" 23;
IO_PORT "led_inside[2]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_inside[1]" 27;
IO_PORT "led_inside[1]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_inside[0]" 29;
IO_PORT "led_inside[0]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;

IO_LOC "led_outside[8]" 19;
IO_PORT "led_outside[8]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[7]" 18;
IO_PORT "led_outside[7]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[6]" 17;
IO_PORT "led_outside[6]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[5]" 16;
IO_PORT "led_outside[5]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[4]" 15;
IO_PORT "led_outside[4]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[3]" 14;
IO_PORT "led_outside[3]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[2]" 13;
IO_PORT "led_outside[2]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[1]" 11;
IO_PORT "led_outside[1]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "led_outside[0]" 10;
IO_PORT "led_outside[0]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "sel[3]" 47;
IO_PORT "sel[3]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "sel[2]" 46;
IO_PORT "sel[2]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "sel[1]" 45;
IO_PORT "sel[1]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "sel[0]" 44;
IO_PORT "sel[0]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[7]" 34;
IO_PORT "seg[7]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[6]" 35;
IO_PORT "seg[6]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[5]" 38;
IO_PORT "seg[5]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[4]" 39;
IO_PORT "seg[4]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[3]" 40;
IO_PORT "seg[3]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[2]" 41;
IO_PORT "seg[2]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[1]" 42;
IO_PORT "seg[1]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "seg[0]" 43;
IO_PORT "seg[0]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP DRIVE=8;
IO_LOC "button[3]" 20;
IO_PORT "button[3]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;
IO_LOC "button[2]" 22;
IO_PORT "button[2]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;
IO_LOC "button[1]" 24;
IO_PORT "button[1]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;
IO_LOC "button[0]" 28;
IO_PORT "button[0]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;
IO_LOC "switch[3]" 30;
IO_PORT "switch[3]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;
IO_LOC "switch[2]" 31;
IO_PORT "switch[2]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;
IO_LOC "switch[1]" 32;
IO_PORT "switch[1]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;
IO_LOC "switch[0]" 33;
IO_PORT "switch[0]" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33 PULL_MODE=UP BANK_VCCIO=3.3;

  • 一样烧录，可以看到有意思的东西